اخلاق در پژوهشهاي پيوند عضو و بافت

ETHICS IN TISSUE AND ORGAN TRANSPLANTATION RESEARCHES

Background: In recent years, many progresses have been confirmed in the field of medicine. Transplantation is one of the instances which have had rapid improvements. Human and nonhuman organs and tissues, embryo, fetus and even the human stem cells have been used for transplantation. The researches in this field have lead to the more functional and new methods. Regarding the ethical problems would prevent the future dangers of human being and society. The researchersʹ duty is to respect all of the ethical points associated with the transplantation. In this article, the researches on corps, samples of human tissues and especially in embryo and fetus have been discussed. Methods: For compilation of the article, we searched articles by means of PubMed, Medline, and Ovid and so we concerned some books. Results & Conclusion: In transplantation researches on corps, the patientʹs consent in advance (before death) or the relatives consent is important. In Islam respect to the dead Muslim is highly insisted. In human tissue researches the reason of tissue collection, kind and amount of it, research use and non-beneficence use of the research results have to be significantly considered. In recent years, the researches on embryo and fetus have been attenuated. This kind of research despite of its advantages has brought many ethical questions in consent acquisition, viability or non-viability of the embryo and fetus and the permission of research confirmation. In this review article it has been tried to regard all of the current ethical problems in this field, wishing this article to be a guide for more extensive researches.