ساختار هسته گروه فعلي در زبان فارسي معيار

The Structure of the Head of Verb Phrases in Standard Persian

This article studies the structure of the Persian verbs as the head of verb phrases in standard Persian language, that is, the formal language of Iran generally used as the medium of communication, information exchange and scientific/academic texts. The writers argue that the verb is the most essential lexical category mainly. because, on the one hand, it is the most important part of a sentence which contains the core meaning since it includes the main morphological elements such as tense, person, number agreement and, on the other ,hand, its argument structure shows many essential parts of a sentence. Two types of elements are, then, identified in the structure of each verb in standard Persian: a.) an unchangeable element called verb root which remains the same in all paradigms and word forms of the verb; b.) changeable elements which contribute to, the inflectional paradigms ,of the verb. For example, tense is an element with three different choices: present, past, future. Person agreement is another which, again, has three possible choices: first, second, and third person. The writers also categorize verbs into the following morphological groups: a.) simple verbs whose structure contains the verbal element only; b.) complex verbs whose structure, besides the verbal element has at least, one nonverbal component.