اثرات گياه اسپند و آلكالوييدهاي مشتق از آن بر رده ي سلولي لوسميك حاد پروميلوسيتي

The Effect of Peganum Harmala and Its Alkaloid Derivatives on Acute Promyelocytlc Leukemia Cell Line

Background: In traditional medicine Peganum Harmala plant was known for its hypnotic anticeptic, and hypothermic properties. Seeds of this plant have also been used for the treatment of skin tumors. The aim of this study was to find out the effect of Ethanolic extract of Peganum Harmala and its alkaloid derivatives, Harmine and Harmaline, on a leukemic cell line known as HL60. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study leukemic cells were cultured in sigma medium. Then the cells were exposed to Harmine and Harmaline extracts for five days. Cell viability was measured by MIT and trypan pan blue dye exclusion tests. Cell cycle was determined by flowcytometry. The induction of differentiation was studied by morphological changes and NBT reduction test. The expression of myeloid markers including CD1 lb and CD14 was studied by felowcytometry. Results: Drug cytotoxicity was time and dose dependent. Cell mortality reached 100% after 48 hours of exposure to 30, 12.8 and 500 Nlml of Harmine, Harmaline and extract of Peganum Harmala respectively. Proliferation of cells decreased in nontoxic concentration of these agents when compared with control cells. Cell cycle analysis showed partial accumulation of cells in S phase. In nontoxic doses only Harmaline caused maturation of cells towards monocytic lineage with 28% cells positive for NBT and 64% of cells expressed CDʹ lb and CD14 simultaneously. Conclusion: In conclusion, these agents stop cell proliferation in nontoxic doses. However, hannaline in optimal doses induce differentiation towards monocytic lineage.