تعيين فون و فعاليت فصلي پشه هاي آنوفل در بخش مركزي شهرستان جيرفت

DETERMINATION OF FAUNA AND SEASONAL ACTIVITY OF ANOPHELES MOSQUITOES IN MARKAZI REGION OF JIROFT ISTRICT

Malaria is an important health problem in the southeast of the country, particularly in tropical regions of Kerman province. Tropical regions of Jiroft district are malarious areas due to their geographical situation and climate. The present study was carried out at Daryachah and Hydarabad Villages from Markazi region of Jiroft district from May 1998 to April 1999. Adult mosquitoes were collected by five methods of sampling; Knock down pyrethrum space spray indoors (Total Catch), Pit shelters, Human and Animal bait (Cow) and Light trap. Out of the 1792 female Anopheles collected, 56.5 % of adult mosquitoes were caught by Total Catch and 34.6 % were collected by Animal bait method .The results showed that An. Stephensi, An. Pulcherrimus and An. Fluviatilis yielding 63.4%, 17.9 % and 10.8% respectively were the predominant mosquitoes in this area and the other species were An.culicifacies (3.6%), An. dthali (3.3%), An. Superpictus (0.4%), An. turkhudi (0.4%) and An. sergentii (0.2%) respectively. An. stephensi populations peaked in early spring and rose again during the middle of summer. The numbers of bites per animal (Cow) and per human were I to 58 and 1 to 3 respectively. About 60% of the bites took place in the first half of the night. In the investigated region, seasonal activity of An. pulcherrimus had a prominent peak in early autumn. Abundance of bites per animal and per human was I to 57 and 1 to 3 respectively. About 68% of the feeding activity had occurred before midnight. An. Fluviatilis was active throughout the year with two peaks, one in the end of spring and the other in early autumn. The number of bites per animal and per human were 1 to 8 and 1 to 2 respectively. Hourly distribution of blood sucking activity of An. fluviatilis showed that this species is active all of the night, however its maximum activity occurs before 2 A.M (76%).