مقايسه ميزان شيوع و شدت بيماري هاي لثه و پريودنتال در بيماران قلبي مصرف كننده و غير مصرف كننده نيفيديپين

A Comparative Study of Prevalence of Gingival and Periodontal Diseases Among Patients Taking Nifedipine

Purpose: Nifedipine is a calcium blocking agent of the dihydropyridine group widely used as a vasodilatint agent for the treatment of hypertension and ischemic heart disease. Gingival enlargement is a known side effect of nifedipine use. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of periodontal disease and gingival enlargement in nifedipine treatment patients. Methods and Material: In a cross sectional study data from 16 patients taking nifedipine were compared with those of 2{; patients with cardiac disorder who had not been treated with nifedipine. All patients were examined for the presence of periodontal disease and gingival enlargement using 3 different indices: Periodontal index (Russel). Plaque index (Silness and Loe) and gingival overgrowth index (GO) (Miller and Damm). Results: Between the nifedipine and control groups, there was no significant difference for age, sex, PI (Russel), and PI (Silness & Loe). But prevalence of gingival overgrowth and its severity were greater in the anterior and inferior teeth in the nifedipine group (P=0.05). Prevalence of clinically significant overgrowth related to chronic medication with nifedipine is low. Conclusion: Severity of hyperplasia induced by nifedipine directly depended on the level of education and oral hygiene.