مدل هاي تبيين علي در رهيافت جامعه شناسي اثبات گرايي

The Causal Explanation Models in the Positivism Sociology

In this essay, first we have tried to consider the importance of "method" in creation of sciences. Then we investigate the insistence of positivism in the similarity of the natural sciences and on the other hand the humanities from the point of view of method. So, first of all, attending to experimentalism reflections of the eighteenth and nineteenth century, we discuss positivism, and then the basis of positivism methodology under the causal explanation of models will be dealt with. For this purpose, the causality and its conditions, the difference between cause and reason, social and natural causality, ways of making models and different types of the causal models are considered. At the end, after bringing some criticims about the basis of positivism methodology, briefly we refer to the realism of methodology as a complementary for positivism and finally we have a whole conclusion of the essay.