بررسي روند مهاجرت در جمهوري اسلامي ايران طي سه دهه اخير و تاثير آن بر امنيت ملي (با تاكيد بر مهاجرت داخلي به تهران )

AN INVESTIGATION INTO IMMIGRATION TRENDS IN SLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN DURING RECENT THREE DECADES AND ITS EFFECT ON NATIONAL SECURITY (WITH EMPHASIS ON IMMIGRATION TO TEHRAN).

Immigration is a phenomenon extensively in progress in both developed and developing countries today considered as a resultant effect of industrialization and industrial growth. It has had a progressing trend from the past century until now. The most important factors causing this worldwide phenomenon are two series of factors: one, those of pull factors resulting directly from industrial life confronting the second one, those of push factors from the countryside. This is quite clear that in this confrontation, the pull factors from the city are completely predominant over those of countryside and the most natural action by villagers is to immigrate to the city. This investigation studies immigration trends in the country from the point of view of causes, types and dominant factors. It divides this trend into four distinct cycles, starting from fourteenth century and illustrates its effects on national security emphasizing on socio-cultural and environmental dimensions. It has special emphasis on immigration to Tehran during last three decades. The results of the study indicates that the most influential causes during the fourth cycle of immigration of villagers to the big cities and provincial centers, especially metropolitan city of Tehran are; grownng gap between urban and rural areas, different level of incomes among urban and rural residents, city facilitations, availability of cultural means and so on. As this phenomenon is not reasonably systematically arranged, some national security components such as social security and environmental elements have severely been influenced. Of most important effects of immigration on national security are aggravated social anomalies, development of slums around big cities specially Tehran and serious economic effects.