بازيابي زبان طبري از ادبيات كهن

Recovering Old Tabari from Extant Texts

The old period of Tabari corresponds to the texts written from the tenth to fifteenth centuries, preserved sporadically in the Persian works connected to the province. One of the oldest Tabari quatrains is found in the famous eleventh-century Qabus-nama. Ibn Isfandiarʹs Tarikh-i Tabaristan (early thirteenth century), the major historiography of the province, includes nine verses form Masta-mard (known also as Devara-vaz), a Tabari poet affiliated with the tenth-century Daylamite and Ziarid courts; and, from the twelfth century, two verses from Ispahbad Khvarshed, one verse from Barbad-i Jarir-i Tabari, two verses from Gurda-bazo, and a verse from the "poets of Sari". From the thirteenth century, we have a tarjV-band by QutbRuyarii, one of the best preserved poems from the old period of the language. Tarikh-i Tabaristan cites more Tabari verses, though undated, and a short passage in prose, perhaps forged to sound archaic by the author or his source or informant. The book also contains a number of individual words, personal names, and toponyms in Tabari. The other major histories of the province, namely Awliaʹ-Allah Amullʹs Tarlkh-i Riʹiyan and Zahir-al-DIn Marʹashiʹs Tankh-i Tabaristan u Ruyan u Mdzandaran (fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, respectively), both having borrowed lavishly from the aforementioned Ibn Isfandiar, offer contemporary linguistic data: a verse from certain Amir-ʹAll of the thirteenth century; three dubaytis from the Chulavid Kia Afrasyab of the fourteenth century and two from the "Alid noble Sayyid xAbd-al-vAzIm of the fifteenth-century; as well as individual sentences and words. All these Tabari fragments were collected in Vazhandma-yi Tabari by Sadiq Kia, who proposed tentative translation. His work was commented upon and elaborated by Davoud Monchi-Zadeh. Additionally, there are two quatrains in Tabari preserved in the otherwise Persian JnmP al-Alhan (fifteenth century) among other dialect poems (published recently by \AIi-Ashraf Sadiqi), and six more quatrains, added to a Persian manuscript kept at Biblioteque Nationale in Paris, identified and studied by this author. This article organizes and publishes the abovementioned materials, evaluates the former studies, and provides a comprehensive glossary.