اثر تمرين هوازي در هواي آلوده بر ميزان تركيبات فنلي در نمونه بزاقي ورزشكاران زن

Effect of submaximal aerobic exercise in polluted air on concentration of phenol compounds in female athletesʹ saliva

Phenol compounds, with a great industrial application, are abundantly found in environment. These poisonous compounds are in the pollutions list of Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). These carcinogen compounds are one of the most important water, earth and air pollutants. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of submaximal aerobic exercise in polluted air on concentration of phenol compounds in athletesʹ saliva. For this reason, 20 female athletes, with the average age of 23±2 years, were selected from athletes who were training at the Shahid Shiroodi Sport Complex located in Hafte- Tir area in Tehran, where the air pollution is high. Also, the control group including 20 non-athlete females, with the average age of 23±1 years, was present in Shahid Shiroodi Sport Complex at the day of research. The experimental group performed the 3 miles walking test, which is a submaximal aerobic training. Saliva sampling for athletes carried out in 4 stages including pretest, immediately post test, one hour after the test and 24 hour after the test. Also, the saliva sampled for control group was done only in one stage of resting state. The determination of phenol compounds was subsequently carried out by gas chromatography- flame ionization detection (GC-FID). The statistical test of research was Tukey Post Hoc test, which was used for multiple comparisons among groups. The analysis of data showed a significant increase in saliva phenol compounds concentration of athletes in second sampling time, as compared with the first time (p<0.05). These values did not show any significant change in the third and fourth times. Also the statistical analysis indicated that saliva sample phenol compounds concentration of control group is significantly low in comparison with each sampling time of experimental group (p<0.05). As a result, this research indicates that submaximal aerobic exercise in polluted air causes the concentration of phenol compounds in athletesʹ saliva to be significantly increased, because the pulmonary ventilation rises during aerobic exercise and causes more phenol compounds absorption via respiration in polluted air. Unfortunately these poisonous compounds are permanent in human body and can gradually affect the respiratory system function and decrease athletesʹ cardio- respiratory efficiency.