جهاني شدن و اشتغال : بررسي كشورهاي منتخب آ سه آن و ايران

Globalization and Employment Survey of the Selected Countries of ASEAN and Iran

While employment is an influential factor in economic growth, income distribution and human dignity, unemployment is the root of many abnormalities and undesired social and economic consequences. Demographic structure in Asian countries, abundant supplies of labor, lack of appropriate facilities and lack of sufficient demand have turned unemployment into one of the most important social and economic problems in these countries. In this respect, the phenomenon of globalization will probably produce serious effects on the structure of labor market, employment and unemployment. Empirical studies show that globalization has both increased and decreased the employment. Decrease or increase of employment and its relationship with globalization is studied in this paper. In the present study, using the method of estimating the function of labor demand and the dynamic theory of labor market through three main criteria of globalization, namely, "trade liberalization and employment", "liberalization, convergence of financial markets and employment", "technology and employment" the theoretical foundations of the relationship between globalization and market labor has been studied. The employment elasticityʹs with respect to the gross domestic product and the degree of economy openness are positive but the employment elasticity with respect to the government size is negative. The flow of foreign direct investment has had a slight positive effect on the employment growth.