فراواني فصلي مگس گلرنگ Acanthiophilus helianthi Rossi و ميزان خسارت آن در مزارع گلرنگ استان قم

Seasonal abundance of the safflower Oy,Acanthiophilus helianthi Rossi (Diptera: Tephritidae), and its infestation on safflower, Carthamus tinctorius L. in Ghom province

Safflower flies Acanthiophilus helianthi Rossi. is one of the most importan t pests of the safflower over the cropping areas of the Iran. In order to determine the seasonal abundance, and loss assessment of the pest on safflower, this study was carried out during 2002-2003 under field conditions of Ghom region. Adult fluctuation was monitored using yellow sticky traps. Eggs , larvae, pupae and amount of infestation of A helianthi were monitored weekly with takin g of 30 capsules in each field . Samples were collected and transported to the lab oratory. Parasitoids that emerged were identified and their density were recorded . Adult of A. helianthi commenced appearing on safflower crop in Ghom between the I st week of April up to 4th week of June and infestation of capsules to A helianthi larvae was observed from 1st of April to the end of June.Thereafter it declined, certainly, due to maturity of crop.Its maximum population in l st and 2nd generation was seen at the last of May and 1st week of June, respectively. This fly produced 2 generations in Ghorn on fall safflower and the remaining 3rd generation was formed on the spring crop and weeds . Loss assessment of fly showed that 10-33 % of capsule were damaged because of feeding of these flies. Parasitic wasp, Antistrophoplex conthumatus Masi (Toryrnidae) was observed as paras itoid of puparia , although its parasitism rate was very low.