اولين گزارش از بافت مردگي (نكروز) مغز ميوه هاي پسته در ايران

First report of pistachio kernel necrosis in Iran.

AND Z. BANTHASHEMI. IranʹS Pistachio Research Institute, Rafsanjan. Plant Protection Dept., College of Agriculture, Sbiraz University In late summer and autumn of 2007, kernel necrosis was observed in spllned Qazvini pistachios with shell collected from station No.2 of Iranʹs pistachio research institute. Black necrotic lesions in pistachio kernels were ellipsoid (3-6 x 2-4 mm). Also, feeding site of pistachio bugs (Pentatomidae) was observed in infected pistachio kernels. Lesions were superficial in some kernels however in some cases was deep. Twenty four percent of pistachio kernels were infected to the disorder in splitted pistachios and pre-storage stage. In the most samples, one lesion was observed on the kernels but in some cases 2 to 3 lesions were on the kernels. After removing of pistachio shells and surface sterilization with sodium hypochlorite 10%, segments of infected areas in kernels were cultured on PDA. Fungal colonies had black to hrown and rough wall conidia, white mycelium, stipes. vesicle. metulae and phialids. Based on macroscopic and microscopic eriteria, the isolates were identified as Aspergillus niger. In pathogenicity test, necrosis symptoms were observed in kernels of splitted pistachio of Qazvini IwO weeks after inoculation by conidia suspension of A. niger (4.3 x 103 conidiafml) and incubation at 25°C. A. niger was reisolated from the infected kernels with necrosis symptoms.