كليدواژه :
اتباع بيگانه , جنگل ها , Cassius Company , شركت كوسيس , مازندران , قاجاريه , گيلان , بررسيهاي خارجي , ناصرالدين شاه , چوب , روسيه , تخريب محيط زيست , Foreign Trade , بازرگاني خارجي , Nassereddin Shah Qajar , عصر امتيازات , Gilanl Mazandaran , Traders , بازرگانان , Trade agreements , قراردادهاي تجاري , The era of concessions , historical studies
چكيده لاتين :
In the past, wood was one of the most important trade items between Iran and Russia.
Different kinds of trees growing in the north of Iran had an important effect on wood trade during the Qajar dynasty, especially the trade done via the Caspian Sea. In the middle of
the Nasseri era, the volume of wood trade significantly increased due to the opening of new
sea and land trade routes in the north of Iran. Cassius Brothers and Theophylaktos owned
the largest logging concession in the Iranian Caspian forests and had the monopoly of the
wood trade of northern Iran for more than two decades. This paper aims to describe Iranʹs
wood trade by Cassius brothers and Theophylaktos via the Caspian Sea in the Qajar era
from 1883 to 1908 according to archival records. Firstly the status of wood trade before the
Cassius brothers and Theopylaktos is explained. The article then discusses the granting of
the northern forestsʹ logging concession to them. Finally, the consequences of the concession
agreement are presented.
