نقد و بررسي نظام هاي انتخاباتي اكثريتي و تناسبي

A CRITICAL REVIEW TO MAJORITY AND PROPORTIONAL ELECTORAL SYSTEMS

Election and electing publics authorities, statcmen, parliament representative and local councils members by people is un undeniable prerequisites of democracy. A state claiming democracy but lacking institutions as electoral systems and referendum could not be found. Nevertheless electoral procedures are not identical everywhere. In some countries the nominee has to obtain the landslide (simple majority) to be the winner of the election (majority electoral system). In this procedure, there might be mono-nominee or listic election or single-phase and double-phase election. While in other states, the electoral system is set in a way which the goal of establishing it is to offer a seat or some seats of the parliament or local councils to every party and political groups taking part in the election, based one the proportion of the votc,s which have been obtained (proportional electoral system). In this article, these electoral systems, their differentiation, their specification and effects they could have on political system and the number of political parties have been studied.