سعادت در مكاتب سعادتگرا ( نقد و بررسي مكاتب اخلاقي سقراط ، افلاطون و ارسطو)

The issue of Salvation in the Salvationalisms (moral schools of Socrates, Plato and Aristotle)

The present article deals firstly with the plurality of views on "felicity" and mentions the main reason for diversity of views on this point. Then it deals with views of three great ancient Greek philosophers, i.e. Socrates, Plato and Aristotle, the founders of moral schools seeking felicity. Socratesʹ facing with Sophistsʹ movement for moral devastation of society is one of the main reasons of his concern for moral behaviors and the related discussions. Platoʹs philosophical principles, as the cornerstone of his moral view, have been analyzed and studied and some novel points have been mentioned. Although Aristotle is known as the one who regards morality as something absolute, we must accept relativism in morality by accepting his moral views. Aristotleʹs table of Golden Mean and his making virtues contingent upon chance have been investigated and reviewed. The result is that humanʹs normal knowledge and ability is not sufficient for recognizing humanʹs true felicity.