مقايسه اثر بيهوشي با پنتوباربيتال سديم و كلرال هيدارت بر ضايعات حاصل از ايسكمي در يك مدل تجربي ايسكمي مغزي موضعي

Comparison of the effects of pentobarbital sodium and chloral hydrate anesthesia on post-ischemic damage in an experimental model of focal cerebral ischemia

Introduction: Anesthetic agents, blood pressure, arterial pH and blood gases have been found to influence on the pathophysiology of experimental stroke. However, there are very few studies on the effects of anesthetic agents in the animal models of cerebral ischemia. Therefore, in this study, we compared the effects of chloral hydrate and pentobarbital anesthesia on the infarct size, motor neurological dysfunctions and physiological parameters in a transient model of focal cerebral ischemia. Methods: Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 2 groups and received either chloral hydrate (400 mg/kg, n=10) or pentobarbital sodium (60 mg/kg i.p., n=14) by intra-peritoneal injection. Temporary focal cerebral ischemia was induced by 90 min middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), followed by 23 h reperfusion. Physiological parameters were measured before and after ischemia. Cortical and striatal infarct volumes and motor dysfunctions were determined 24 h after MCAO. Results: Cortical and striatal infarct volume in pentobarbital sodium anesthetized rats were 84 ± 8 and 26 ± 2 mm3, which were significantly lower than chloral hydrate group (208 ± 10, 62 + 2 mm3, respectively, P < 0.001). Moreover, neurological motor dysfunction was significantly lower in pentobarbital sodium anesthetized in comparison with chloral hydrate group (P < 0.01). Physiological values were similar between 2 groups, except that the mean arterial pressure was significantly higher in the pentobarbital group compared with the chloral hydrate group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that chloral hydrate anesthesia causes higher brain injury and motor neurological deficits compared with pentobarbital sodium anesthesia in a temporary model of focal cerebral ischemia. Thus, the effects of anesthetic agents must be considered in experimental cerebral ischemia studies.