كليدواژه :
حكومت , وظايف حاكم , شيخ مفيد , انديشه سياسي , آل بويه , وظايف حكومت , فقيه
چكيده لاتين :
Sheikh Mufid, one of the prominent Shii scholars, entered Baqdad to gain knowledge. He progressed to the top level of knowledge, and heightened the vividness of Shii jurisprudence and theology. With the Buyid Amirsʹ attaining power in Baqdad and their relative support of the scholars, the ground was paved for him to provide answers for the Shiisʹ intellectual, doctrinal, and political needs in various regions.
One of the Shiisʹ main concerns during the Occultation Period was establishing a state based on justice and focused on the Imamsʹ way of life; for the prophets and their impeccable successors have the right to govern people on behalf of God. Their duty, besides establishing government, is implementation of the religious precepts, execution of legal penalties (hudud), protecting the Islamic Law, guiding and educating people. As for the Occultation Period, it is incumbent upon jurist who are well informed of divine precepts and also capable, to act in the line of these duties. In the past, due to unprepared conditions, the jurists would state - based on the Shii political thought - the social and political duties in the form of "fat was". Sheikh Mufid, thus, has stated his political thought in his book entitled Muqniʹa and some other invaluable works, based on Shii jurisprudence and theology; he maintains that in the Occultation Period, jurists, like Shii Imams, are responsible to deal with social affairs and execute legal penalties.
