كليدواژه :
تفسير , تاويل وجودي , تاويل , ظاهر , باطن , هرمنوتيك فلسفي , دازاين , حقيقت
چكيده لاتين :
Esoteric exegesis or ta ʹwil is a necessity in Mulla Sadraʹs philosophy. In his view, it is a more perfect form of "interpretation" and is related to the interior and the hidden face of affairs.
Mulla Sadraʹs perception of exegesis is greatly influenced by his "ontology". This study initially deals with the relation between his ontology and his ontological approach to exegesis. Paying fundamental attention to existence, emphasizing its principality and gradedness, and the two philosophical principles of "the trans-substantial motion" and "the union of the intellect and the intelligible" are among the basic features of Mulla Sadraʹs philosophy which have influenced his approach to esoteric exegesis. There is complete harmony and conformity between the three elements of "creation", "collection", and "the soul" concerning this meaning of esoteric exegesis, i.e. ontological exegesis. Accordingly, the unveiling and manifestation of each of the levels of being and Qurʹanic interiors are due to the unveiling of manʹs ontological levels and grades.
Secondly, this paper focuses on a comparative study of Mulla Sadraʹs "ontological exegesis" and "Heideggerʹs hermeneutics". Among the important elements that justify a comparative study of Mulla Sadraʹs ontological esoteric exegesis and Heideggerʹs hermeneutics are the attention paid to "existence" instead of "existent" or quiddity, the conception of the "truth" as the "unveiling of existence", the explication of "man" as the only existent who has no ontological limit, and the attention paid to the issue of the "world".
Both philosophers have based their approach on various principles and, in fact, adopted two different ways. However, in the middle, they have sometimes come close to each other in certain cases, but, due to their pursuit of different ends, they have parted with each other again. The clarification and analysis of the above issues comprise the most important aims of this paper.
