معرفي رقم CULTIVER RELEASE بهار، رقم جديد گندم نان براي كاشت در مزارع آبي مناطق معتدل ايران

Cultivar Release Bahar, A New Breed Wheat Cultivar for Cultivation under Irrigation Conditions of Temperate Regions of Iran

A breeding hexaploid line named Bloyka (ICW84-0008-013AP-300L-3AP-300L-0AP) was introduced to Iran through international nurseries RBWYT-FA and RBWON-FA from International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) in 1996 and evaluated at three research stations of temperate zone (Karaj, Islam-Abad and Zarghan). Due to its superior grain yield over check cultivars (7.014 tha" vs. 6.986 tha1 of Mahdavi in Karaj, 8.246 tha"1 vs. 8.002 of Mahdavi in Islam-Abad and 8.111 tha"1 vs. 8.222 of Marvdasht in Zarghan) it was selected and forwarded to advanced trials. This line was tested in advanced trials of temperate zone breeding program during 1997-2000 and due to its qualifications including resistance to stripe and leaf rusts it was considered to be included in adaptation trials. Therefore as an elite genotype (encoded as M-79-7) this line was investigated in adaptation trial in 9 research stations of temperate zone along with check cultivar Marvdasht during 2000-2002. Based on results of two cropping seasons this line produced 6.914 tha"1 grain yield in average in comparison to 6.521 tha"1 of Marvdasht. This line with mean rank of 6.5 and standard deviation of rank equal to 4.8 was one of the most stable genotypes of investigated germplasm set. Drought tolerance of M-79-7 line was also assessed under water deficit conditions compared to Pishtaz check cultivar for irrigated farms and Sardari, Azar-2 and Cross of Alborz cultivars for rain fed conditions and it was found to be partially tolerant to terminal drought. In respect to disease resistance its reaction to a newly spread race of stripe rust in Zarghan research station was 25MR against 80MS, 80MS and 30MR/M for check cultivars Shiraz, Marvdasht and Pishtaz respectively. Bread making quality of M-79-7 was assessed to be moderate to good based on its 11% grain protein content, 83.5 kg hectoliter weight, 29 ml Zeleny sedimentation volume and 54 degrees of grain hardness. The high molecular weight glutenin subunit genotype of M-79-7 line was 2 , 7+8 and 2+12 for three loci of Glu-Al, Glu-Bl and Glu-Dl respectively. Validation trials in farmerʹs fields confirmed this line as a qualified genotype to be released as a new irrigated bread wheat for temperate regions of Iran.