گونه شناسي منازعات و كودتاها در قاره آفريقا

A Survey of Conflict and Coup dʹetat in Africa

War and conflict in Africa has roots in the colonization of this continent. In order to fulfill their own predetermined goals, the colonizers attempt to divide the continent and establish separate governments which had no conformity with the inter-border nations.Consequently, after gaining independence these "states" faced many problems such as artificial borders, weak governments, poor interaction between the governments and civil society, emergence of a pro-colonialist political elite, and weak economic structure and political institutions which in turn gave rise to domestic and regional conflicts, frequent coup dʹetats and root causes of the crisis. The Cold War and militarization of the ruling regimes were among other factors of the continuation of crisis. The existence of the crisis of accumulation and governance and the lack of attention of the rulers to the demands of their nations led to legitimacy crisis in the majority of African regimes which itself is another reason for the conflicts in the continent. The presence of conflicts in this continent took a heavy toll such as mortality, homelessness, abuse of human and economic resources, and the like. By exploring the differences in the formation of governments in the two continents of Africa and Europe through statistical and analytical method, the present research attempted to know the main contributory factors in the emergence of conflicts in the African continent and identify their varieties.