كليدواژه :
شكل زيستي , فلور , كوهميان , پيمايش زميني , دار واش , پراكنتش جغرافيايي
چكيده لاتين :
Kouhmian forest which is a part of western Hyrcanian vegetation is located at the northern slope of Alborz range Mountain in south-west of Azadshahr, Golestan province. The lowest and highest of its height are 250 and 1550 m.a.s.l. The floristic-physiognomic investigation which was performed by walked-field procedure at 2nd seasonal sequence show that flora of this region includes 113 plant species that belong to 101 genera and 60 families. The families of Rosaceae (TO species), Labiatae (6 species), Asteraceae (6 species) with Graminae, Solanaceae, Polygonaceae and Papilionaceae which are contained 4 species and Aspediacea with Ulmaceae which are contained 3 species were the most important families, that contained 39 percent of the total species. Phanerophytes (40%), Hemi cryptophytes (37%) and Cryptophytes (14%) were the most important structure groups of the local biological spectrum according to Raunkaiaer method, whereas according to Suzuki-Arakane method caespitose Hemi cryptophytes, broad- leaved decidous trees and Rhizom-Geophytes were the most important life forms. The chorological study according to Zohary method showed that plants of Euro-Siberian region and Hyrcanian province were common in study area whereas the least elements plant belonged to Plural region (Euro- Sib., Ir-Tur., Medit., Ir- An., and Pontic) with Euro- Sib., Ir- Tur. and Exin- Hyr. Phytogeographical regions. Moreover the damaged- factors were observed in the research area, that one mentioned as following: development of Viscum album (as semi-parasitic agent), high distribution of Labiatae family e.g. (Marrubium vulgar), some trees like Crataegus spp. and Mespilus germanica, also distribution of farmlands among forest areas. Therefore according to the current study and for conservation & preservation of this area, supplement and comprehensive study would be suggested.
