تأثير تحولات فناورانه و بحران هاي منطقه اي بر سازماندهي چتر دفاع موشكي آمريكا

The Impacts of Technological Improvements and Regional Crises on National Missile Defence

Americaʹs national missile denfence is subject to technological capacities and manpower potentials of this country. The security crises can be accounted as a complement to the technological means if the international system is in a chaotic status. The investigation of Americaʹs strategic behavior based on technological components in strategic denfence domain is the major focus of this study. The concept of National Missile Defence was proposed for the first time in early 1980 s. President Ronald Regan believed in absolute restraining policy towards the USSR which provided the instruments and technology needed for confronting its strategic threats against Europe, USA, and the Western World. This approach paved the way for the development of Strategic Defence Initiative (SDI). George Schultz, Americaʹs foreign minister during 1983 -1988 , was one of the prominent pioneering features regarding this strategy. Americaʹs defence program was generated in the 1990s when the conservative parties, gradually, consolidated their position within the American power structure and the chance for reconstruction and restitution of cold-war defence plans was created. These people believed that the military power is among those instruments that can not be disregarded in international politics. This power-centered approach affected the Americaʹs strategic perception and attitude one more time.This study emphasizes the role of conservative strategists, on the one hand, who have adjusted their denfence programs in line with international threats, and on the other hand, have expressed their pessimistic views towards Iran and regarded this country as a factor of instability in the domain of international politics. In this way, US denfence program became two-edged that stood against strategic and security targets of Iran and also played an inhibiting role against Russiaʹs further power-seeking efforts. In this situation, the theme of missile defence was reconsidered in the Americaʹs strategic plannerʹs agenda. The new title was National Missile Defence which represents that US strategic goals remained fixed but its addressees changed.