آل بحرالعلوم و نظام ولايي شيعه

Bahr al-ʹUlum and the Shiʹi Wilaya System

One of the most fundamental Islamic issues, which has always been scrutinized and examined from different viewpoints by shiʹi jurists =) Fuqaha (, is the Wilaya system of shiʹa, because the "Umma ((community (and Imamate" system is one of the central issues and doctrinal principles of shiʹa .Although - for some reasons -in the course of shiʹa history after the occultation period up to Islamic revolution, the jurists had never undertaken the leadership the Muslimsʹ, the theoretical discussions on Wilaya theory _ though as an incidental subject -can be found in the works of early and later jurists .A study of legal theories of great jurists on this matter is important in that their viewpoints on various issues pertaining to Wilaya such as :the dominion, source of legitimacy, duties, and jurisdiction... of the jurist will be thus elucidated .In this article, the author seeks to explain Seyyed Muhammad l-i Bahr al-ʹUlumʹs views on the governance of the ruler and, with a reference to his book entitled Balagha al-Faghih, represent his view on the basic issue of the jurisdiction of the governance and leadership in the periods of Imamʹs presence and occultation.