اثر تداخل زمينه اي بر اكتساب، يادداري و انتقال مهارتهاي واليبال با برنامه هاي حركتي تعميم يافته متفاوت و يكسان

Contextual Interference Effect on Acquisition, Retention and Transfer of Volleyball Skills with Different Generalized Motor Programs and Parameters

The purpose of this study was to examine the contextual interference effect on acquisition, retention and transfer of volleyball skills (based on changes in Generalized Motor Programs and parameters). This study included two experiments. Seventy-eight novice female students (22.2±1.3 years) participated in the study. Participants of experiment one were taught volleyball skills (set, pass and serve). Experiment two was included volleyball skill (set) with different distance parameters. Participants were assigned into three groups afterwards. Prior to allocating the subjects to each group, a pre-test was performed. The three groups encompassed the blocked, serial blocks and random Practices. All of the participants took part in 6 training sessions including 60 trails per session; 20 trails for each tasks. After the completion of training sessions, the retention and transfer tests were performed in separate days. Factorial analysis of variance with repeated measures on training sessions indicated significant improvements in skills for the three groups in both experiments. However there were no significant differences among groups. The results of one-way analysis of variances revealed that there were no significant differences among groups on retention and transfer tests. Based on the findings of the present study no effect of contextual interference in learning of volleyball skills was found. Finally, These findings suggest that either blocked, Serial blocks or random practice could be effectively used in learning of volleyball skills by unskilled persons.