اثر انواع مالچ بر افزايش ظرفيت نگهداري آب خاك و عملكرد درختان پسته

Effect of mulch material on increasing soil water holding capacity and Pistachio yield

The average of annual rainfall and evaporation in Kerman province are about 145 and 3000 millimeters, respectively. Kermanʹs surface area of land cultivated with Pistachio is about 300000 ha. Due to extra extraction and continuous drought, ground water surface has been decreased, so we should try to increase water productivity. In this way this experiment was conducted to know about effect of different mulch on soil water holding capacity and prevent of evaporation from soil surface. The experiment was laid out as split plot in randomized complete block design with three replicates. Main plot was five mulch (plastic cover, gravel, straw, tillage after irrigation and control) and subplot was depth of soil moisture content with six levels (0-30, 30-60, 60-90, 90-120, 120-150 and 150-180 cm). Applied water in each irrigation was the base on farmer allocation and measured with WSC flume. Soil moisture in different depth was measured with Trime before and after irrigation with 15 to 20 days interval. Amount of apply water in field was earned 5000 m3/ha-year. Results showed that effect of mulch in holding moisture in soil profile was significant (P<0.01) and depth of moisture measurement was significant (P< 0.05). In comparison with other treatments, plastic cover could hold soil moisture for longtime, but gravel cover apply was simple and more practical.