خصوصيات زراعي و وراثت پذيري صفات در توده هاي آجيلي آفتابگردان

Agronomic characteristics and heritability of traits in nuts making sunflower populations in Khoy

This experiment was carried out to evaluate the seed yield and agronomic traits of 4 nuts producing sunflower local populations (Ghalami, Pestee, Stripped and Badami) as a randomized block design with 6 replications in agriculture research station of Khoy in 2003. The results indicated that except in head diameter there were significant differences among other traits. Confectionery Type "Ghalami" had the highest seed yield with 1955 Kg/ha but its difference with Stripped type was not noteworthy. The largest seeds belonged to Badami with 44.39 gr for 200 seeds. The lowest seed weight was shown in Stripped type. Ghalami type had the highest seed number (1075 seeds/head). Both ghalami and Badami had early maturity (with 138 and 139 days of growing period respectively) comparing to the other two types. Ghalami and Badami with plant height of 295 and 284 cm respectively were taller than the other two. Seed length of these types was higher, too (25.91 and 24.43 mm respectively). The heaviest single achene (0.29 gr) and the highest kernel weight (0.14) were observed in Badami. Days to complete flowering, flowering period, budding and plant height had the high heritability in a range of 0.84-0.98 and indicated that selection could be used for the improvement of these types. Heritability for head diameter (0.23) and 200 seed weight 0.11 was low and indicated that planting large seeds couldnʹt be resulted in heads with large seeds. High heritability for seed number (0.59) compared would seed weight indicated that selection via seed number would have high efficiency for the improvement of these populations.