كليدواژه :
نخود , زيست سنجي اثرات باقي مانده علف كش , علف هاي هرز , علف كش ها
چكيده لاتين :
Field experiment was conducted in Khorramabad, Iran during 2005-2006 to evaluate the efficacy of 9 herbicides [ethalfluralin (3 l/ha), trifluralin (2 l/ha), pendimethalin (1.5-2.5 l/ha), imazethapyr (0.7-1 l/ha), pyridate (2.5 l/ha), bentazon (2 l/ha), metribuzin (0.7 kg/ha), and haloxyfop-R-methyl (1 l/ha)] applied alone or in combination for weed control in chickpea (Cicer arientinum L.). The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with 4 replications. Annual weed density in weedy control was 60 plants/m2. In terms of annual weed density pendimethalin applied as soil-incorporated was the most efficacious, however pyridate applied postemergence, Imazethapyr applied pre-emergence, and Pendimethalin applied post-emergence did not show significant difference with pedimethalin when applied as soil-incorporated. Imazethapyr and pyridate when applied as post-emergence provided 83% annual weed biomass reduction. Base on the visible crop injury symptoms, Imazethapyr in all applied form caused stunting of growth, and necrosis was recorded for bentazon, and metribuzin as applied post-emergence. Haloxyfop-R-methyl as applied post-emergence, and ethalfluralin, and trifluralin applied as soil-incorporated did not show any crop injury symptoms. Maximum grain yield (697.8 kg/ha) was recorded in early hand weeding treatment, that was three-fold of weedy check control. In the basis of chickpea yield, post-emergence application of pyridate, isoxaflotole, and pendimethalin, pre-emergence application of pendimethalin or imazethapyr followed by hand weeding, and pre-emergence application of imazethapyr+post-emergence application of pendimethalin did not show significant difference with hand weeding control. No herbicides showed significant negative effects on emergence, and vegetative growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum) in the next season.
