رد پاي گاو آيين ها و باورهاي كهن در شعر خاقاني

The trace of cow of religions and ancient beliefs in Khaghaniʹs poems

It has been usual and prevalent among Iranian poets from the beginning of Islamic era to exploit mythic and olden religious beliefs to create poetic images and purports in their poems; however, regarding this viewpoint, Afzal -o-ddin Badil Khaghani Sharvani is a very illustrious and exceptional person among Iranian poets. A number of reasons like his place of living, his motherʹs religion, Sharvanshahanʹs courtʹs auspices, his uncleʹs teachings and his own interests enabled Khaghani to widely use these beliefs in his poems and to consider the components of myths and ancient religions in different forms. One of the worldʹs components which has been highly appreciated by olden nations because of its fundamental role and special place in ancient humanʹs life is the mythic cow about which a great deal of myths have appeared. Like many other myths, this one has also been widely reflected in Khaghaniʹs poems which has helped the poet to create pure and excellent images and purports. Some of those myths and beliefs include the prototype cow, Mitraʹs cow, Earth cow, Sky cow, Faridoonʹs cow, Cowʹs treasure, Sacrifice cow, Amber cow, Samaritan cow, etc. We will try, in this article, to introduce these myths and beliefs and find Khaghaniʹs poems which are composed on the basis of these myths and study the role of myths, religious fictions and ancient beliefs in the creation of these poems and show his art in making the lyrical and adjectival purports and exquisite and romantic images based on them.