نقش نمادهاي هندسي و عددي در آرمانشهر ايراني

The Role of Geometric and Numerical Symbols in Iranian Utopia

The main question of research is that if the symbolization and cultural phenomenon has had important role in shaping the structure and from of some historical cities in Iran? The aim of this research is regard to show the relation between myth and religious textsa bout city and urban planning in ancient era in Iran. The Historical-Interpretational method was used in this research, and the relation between variables-symbols and myths, with the structure and the shape of city-was studied. For this research, some historical and religious texts were studied and some explanations about ancient cities were considered. The most important myth about Utopia and the structures of ancient cities in Iran is the myth of Vare-jamkard. The part of this myth that is about a city, is the main subject of this research. For This study, some ancient and religious books as Gasaha and Vendidad were studied. Researchʹs findings shows that the shape of square and circle were used in some designed cities in Pre-Islamic era. The number four was one of the sacred numbers in many ancient civilizations as Iran. The reflection of this number in urban design was not only in a shape of a Square as the main from of the city. But also was reflected in a shape of a intersecting two ways as the main city network and roads that end of them reached to four main gates. The number Three also is one of the sacred numbers that in many ancient cultures was important. In ancient Iran this number was very important and was reflected in many cultural phenomenon as architectural and urban design. The ancient Iranian cities was divided into three sections, that was adapted to three social casts.