بررسي مورفولوژيك ريشه دندان پرمولر اول فك بالا

Evaluation of maxillary 1st premolar root morphology

Introduction: Periodontal diseases are among the most common diseases of the oral cavity. Different predisposing factors are responsible for initiation of these diseases. One of these factors is difficulty to access the area of plaque accumulation due to morphologic and anatomic variations. The aim of this study was to determine the anatomic and morphologic properties of the root of maxillary 1st premolar.Methods and materials: The root morphology of 162 randomly collected first maxillary premolars was studied. The general characters of the collected teeth including number and length of the roots, length of root trunk, location offurcation in 2 rooted teeth, and the direction of root curvature were determined. Then the roots were sectioned and mean of concavity depth on different root surfaces were measured using stereomicroscope with 32 magnifications. These means were measured in the mesial and distal surfaces of the teeth. The topography of furcation area was also found by a section given 2 mm apical from furcal furnix. Data were analyzed by t-test, paired t-test, Chi Square &ANOVA tests (a = 0.05).Results: 66.6% of teeth were single, 31.48% double and 1.85% were triple rooted. In most of 2 rooted teeth, furcation area was located in the middle third of the root. Palatal concavity of buccal root was a common finding in 2 rooted teeth and a significant relation between the concavity, its depth and the location of the furcal area was found. In comparison, the depth of mesial concavity on different surfaces was more than distal concavities. In single rooted teeth, the concavity depth was lower in the middle than the cervical third. In 17.64%) of 2 rooted teeth, the width of furcation entrance was smaller than standard gracy curettes.Discussion: Morphologic properties of teeth are not necessarily similar in different population. Therefore, these differences must be considered in dental and periodontal treatment protocols.