بررسي علل پديده دختران فراري و راهكارهاي كاهش آن ( مطالعه موردي دو شهر تهران و مشهد )

Surveying the Reasons of the Rise of Runaway Girls and Ways of Reducing it (Case Study: Tehran and Mashhad)

Iran has a young population whose problems compared with the other age groups is much more diverse and inclusive. Half of the young members of the society are girls who are vulnerable to social damages with regard to their gender and complexity of the social system structure. One of these damages, which lead to social consequences for girls and the society, is running away from home. Running away from home is the result of a series of complicated factors such as family, mental, social and cultural factors. Running away from home not only exposes girls to sever mental and physical damages, it also leads to losing some of the workforce and a considerable number of the prospective mothers of the society. Girls who run away from home, will make the society and the next generations face severe hazards such as getting HIV, lack of social security and moral security. Girls are prospective mothers who will grow up the future children, and the communityʹs sustainability highly relies on their health. In case mothers are socially damaged, their children will be socially damaged, as well; and the void cycle will continue. The present research, in line with this, aims at identifying the social factors effective in girls escape from home and discovering solutions for reducing the problem. At first, the theoretical principles of the issue have been developed in various realms of formulation and the theoretical framework and the research hypotheses and analytical model of the research. With respect to the content of the research topic and the objectives in the scientific part of the research, «scientific - comparative)) method is used. The statistical community in the research includes all 12 to 25 years - old girls in Tehran and Mashhad who have escaped from home due to any reason. In the part which deals with finding solutions for the problem, experts have been interviewed. Based on the results of the T test, in each city - Tehran and Mashhad - in general, there is a significant difference between runaway girls and those who do not escape in the following indices: Instability of parents marriage, leaving adults responsibilities to girls, crime record in the girls family, conflict with guardians, and importance in family, family social control, feeling discrimination in family, self-esteem and feeling lucky There was no significant difference in the variable of number of times escaping from school in Mashhad and Tehran between runaway girls and those who do not runaway. The solutions to the problem were considered in two general groups. The research deals with looking into preventive approaches. There are three types of prevention: 1) Offering training programs for all individuals. 2) Identifying vulnerable families, and making girls be away from families tension, and providing families. With required trainings. 3) This stage mainly is about the post - escape period when the girl is arrested. Some training is offered to runaway girls to prevent their escape again. The second group of solutions is therapeutic solutions. In this part, revising the existing laws, reinforcing Behzisti organization as the body in charge the problem and solving the girls mental and social damages are stressed.