كليدواژه :
وراثت پذيري , دي آلل , هتروزيس , تركيب پذيري , ذرت
چكيده لاتين :
Forty two hybrids and their sevent parents were planted at the Research Field Station of Islamic Azad University of Firoozabad in 2006 cropping season- using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Days from germination to physiological maturity, days from silking to physiological maturity, plant height, ear height, ear length, 100-grain weight, grain depth, number of rows.ear"1, number of kernels.row*1 and grain yield were measured and recorded. A NOVA showed significant differences between genotypes as well as significant effect of general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA ) for all measured traits. Effect of reciprocal crossing was also significant for 100-grain weight, grain depth, number of rows.ear"1, number of kernels.row"1 and grain yield that indicated the presence of cytoplasmic inheritance for these traits. Based on MSGca/MSSca ratio, additive gene effect was predominant in controlling days from germination to physiological maturity, ear length, number of rows.ear"1 and number of kernels.row"1 traits. The broadsense heritabilities ranged between 48% and 89% for days to physiological maturity and number of rows.ear"1, respectively. Narrowsense heritabilities were estimated between 10% and 49% for days from silking to physiological maturity, plant height and ear length. These results showed that non-additive genetic effects were predominant in controlling days from silking to physiological maturity, plant height, ear height, 100-grain weight, grain depth and grain yield. Considering hetrosis in comparison to the superior parents as well as general and specific combining abilities for parents and hybrids indicated that parents 1 and 4 had high potential for traits like ear length and number of kernels.row"1; parent 2 for grain yield; parent 3 for early maturity, increasing grain depth, number of rows.ear"1 and grain yield; parent 5 for 100-grain weight; parent 6 for 100-grain weight, number of rows.ear"1 and grain yield and parent 7 for 100-grain weight, grain depth and number of rows. ear"ʹ.
