Essential oils composition of berries and leaves from Juniperus Sabina L. in South east of Golestan province

Development of new Populus euphratica Oliv. Clones, using somaclonal variation

Essential oils compositions isolated from leaves and berries of Juniperus sabina L.with wide distributed in Charbagh region from North of Iran, were investigated by GC and GC/MS. Oils from representative samples of populations as well as from individual samples were studied sabinene (58.7%), terpinene-4-ol (7.7%), myrcene (4.6%), citronellol (4.5%), ?-terpinene (3.0%), trans sabinene hydrate (2.9%), were the major constituents of essential oil of leaves ,but ?-tujene(5.5%), ?-pinene (10.2%), sabinene (45.7%), myrcene (6.4%), ?-terpinene (4.8%), limonene (6.4%), (E)-?-ocimene (7.7%) were the major ones of the oil from berries.

The method of somaclonal variation was used to induce genetic variation in Populus euphratica Oliv. Using on long term callus culture. Callus was induced by culture of naturally pollinated ovaries into the MS media suplemented different combinations and concentration of 2,4-D and Kinetin growth regulators hormone. Significant differences were observed between growth regulator hormones for callus induction at 0.01 levels. Callus initiation was maximal (average 62.5% of cultured ovaries produced callus) in MS medium containing 2 mg/1 2, 4-D and 0.1 mg/1 kinetin. Plantlets were observed from 12 months old green calli following red pigment initiation. MS medium containing 2mg/l BA and 0.5mg/1 NAA was the most favorable for plantlets regeneration. Two plantlets out of nearly 400 regenerants showed highly morphological variation. Variants were noticed in growth habit and leaf shapes both in juvenile stages in a pot and at mature stage of tree in farm level.