هستي شناسي بنياد گرايي اسلامي در جهان عرب

Ontology of Islamic Fundamentalism in Arab World

Today Islamic fundamentalism as part of a wide range of Islamism is very interesting for many of scientists from different fields. Islamic fundamentalism could be studied with two different but complementary theoretical frameworks, each one is playing its role to supply information which is needed in order to explain present as it is exist. Islamic fundamentalism could be considered as one of many commonalities in Arabic Middle East countries. Many of intellectuals in those countries according to a historical view, believe that fundamental cause of backwardness of Muslim World generally, and Arabic countries of this region in particular, should be searched in their past. In this historical perspective, people find lost dignity and power they had in past; so they make efforts to pursue what they have lost and to treat this backwardness. Historical frame which is based on a power comparison between present and past in Muslim world, generally, and in Arab world, in particular, can prove Islamic fundamentalism is a phenomenon that sets power as its extreme goal. The other theoretical framework which is based on the process of transition from tradition to modernity can answer our questions about the roots of these phenomena. This paper is not aimed to clarify what Islamic fundamentalism should be but what Islamic fundamentalism is. In order to answer the question about the nature of Islamic fundamentalism in Arab world, applying these two frameworks can lead us to this hypothesis: Islamic fundamentalism is a phenomenon which is directed to power and use religion and its components as an instrument to gain power. In other words Islamic fundamentalism is a phenomenon that introduces itself by name of a religion and has ideological and political act feature in order to seize power and image of an ideal society.