ارزيابي آلودگي طبيعي ارقام مختلف گوجه فرنگي نسبت به ويروس هاي مهم مزارع و گلخانه ها در مناطق جنوب شرقي و مركزي ايران

Investigations on natural infection of different cultivars of fields and greenhouses-grown tomato to main tomato viruses in southeast and central of Iran

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is widely grown in Iran and recently cultivation of this crop is progressively increased in commercial greenhouses. Virus diseases are one of the most causes of damage in tomato plants. In this survey 1307 and 603 symptomatic samples of tomato plant were collected from tomato fields and greenhouses, respectively. The samples were collected in five provinces in southeast and central of Iran including Kerman, Hormozgan, Sistan-Baluchestan, Yazd and Boushehr to test the infection of different tomato cultivars against Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Beet curly top virus (BCTV), Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), Tomato chlorotic spot virus (TcSV), Potato virus Y (PVY), Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), Arabis mosaic virus (ArMV), Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV). The infection of samples were analyzed by double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA), triple antibody sandwich ELISA (TAS-ELISA) and plate-trapped antigen (PTA)-ELISA using specific polyclonal antibodies. With the exception of TcSV, all viruses were detected in Petoearly CH cultivar. In contrast, samples of the two other cultivars grown in the fields including Chef and Y reacted only to four antisera. Greenhouses grown cultivars including Norma and Falcato were shown to be infected by six and three of the viruses, respectively. In contrast, samples of Gavrish and Kavir cultivars reacted to four antisera. Double infections were detected in all cultivars. Where as triple infection including TMV+CMV+ArMV, ArMV+CMV+PVY and ToMV+CMV+ArMV were detected only in Petoearly CH, Chef and Norma cultivars. In this study ArMV and CMV were the most frequently viruses. These results showed that susceptibility of field and greenhouse grown tomato cultivars to viral infection is different.