برآورد برخي از پارامترهاي در هشت هيبريد ذرت دانه اي

Estimation of Some Genetic Parameters in Eight Corn (Zea maize L.) Hybrids

To estimate some genetic parameters and determine traits related to seed yield in corn hybrids, an experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications during 2007-2008, at the Agriculture Research Station of Islamic Azad University, Tabriz branch, Iran. A significant genetic variation was observed among traits under study in corn hybrids. Mean comparison showed that hybrids Nos. 500 and 400 (with mean yield of 8357.98 and 7996.06 kg/hectare) were the high seed yielders. These hybrids had higher seeds per ear row, ear height, seed width and seed depth. Seed yield had positive and significant correlation with ear length, ear diameter, seed depth, seed width, seed number per row, seed number per ear, stem diameter, cob length, weight of 300 seed, ear weight, days to maturity, leaf number per plant, biomass and A.S.I. Correlation coefficient of seed yield with other traits showed that ear diameter, seed depth, stem diameter, cob length, seed weight and ear weight were highly inherited. It was also found that ear diameter and seed number per ear row possessed the highest inheritance with seed yield. Backward regression analysis showed that the differences for seed yield among hybrids could be related to ear height, ear leaves and flag leaf areas. Results of path analysis also revealed that ear height and ear leaves area offered higher direct effect on seed yield respectively. Seed weight had higher direct effect on yield via ear height as compared with other yield components. On the whole, it seems that ear height, due to high direct and indirect effects on seed yield can be considered a suitable criteria in breeding corn for higher yields.