مقايسه تأثير دو حشره كش جديد اسپينوزاد و متوكسي فنوزايد با فوزالن در كنترل كرم خوشه خوار انگور (Lobesia botrana Den &Schiff)

Comparative studies on the effects of two new insecticides: Spinosad and Methoxyfenozide with Phosalone on grape berry moth (Lobesia botrana Den & Schiff)

The grape berry moth, [Lobesia botrana Den & Schiff (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)], is one of the most important pests of vineyards in the world and also in East Azerbaijan province in Iran. Currently the most effective way in controlling of this pest, is using chemical insecticides. In this study the effects of two new chemical products "Spinosad and Methoxyfenozide" have been compared with that of Phosalone. Spinosad is produced from the soil actinomycetes metabolites, whilst Methoxyfenozide being an insect growth regulator. The advantages of these two insecticides are their shorter carence(waiting) period and low rate of application per hectare. This research was conducted as a completely randomized block design experiment with six treatments and four replicates. The treatments were 150 and 200 ppm of Spinosad, 300 and 400 ppm of Methoxyfenozide, 1500 ppm Phosalone and a control (untreatment), respectively. Application of insecticides has been done against the three pest generations, based on sticky pheromone trap catches in a vineyard. Recorded factors were: percentage of infected bunches, amount and percentage of infected berries to healthy ones in infected bunches in recording units at the harvesting time. The analysis of variance showed significant differences between the treatments. The comparison of the mean of infected berries in each sample unit based on Duncanʹs Multiple Range Test at p<0.01 indicated that, the second level of Spinosad was the most effective than the other treatments. Although there were nonsignificant differences among the first level of Spinosad and two levels of Methoxyfenozide. The average number damaged grape berries in each bunch in these treatments were 2.22, 0.83, 1.74 and 1.61 respectively. Whereas the average of the damaged grape berries in each bunch in the treatment of Phosalone and control group were 12.33 and 72.85, respectively.