تاثير سيستم هاي توليد متداول و كم نهاده، تاريخ كاشت و انواع بذر بر عملكرد كمي و كيفي گياه دارويي ماريتيغال (.silybum marianum L)

The effect of convention and low input systems, planting time, different types of seed on the quantitative and qualitative yield of (silybum marianum L.)

This investigation was carried out in the spring of 2005 in the Research Station of Rangelands in Hamand in Damavand region. This experiment was done in split-split plot based on randomized complete block design with 3 replications. Treatments were 2 cropping system (Conventional and Low input system) in the main plots, 3 planting time (25 March, 4 and 14 April) in the sub plots and 2 seed types ( Improved and Native of Khoozestan) in the sub-sub plots. Measured traits were plant height, number of capitals in plant, number of seed per capital, capital diameter, 1000 seed weight, seed yield, silymarine percentage and silymarine yield. Results showed that there was a significant difference between cropping systems. The highest height (125.8cm) and number of capitals per plant (10.4) were related to conventional system. While other traits including capital diameter (7.028), number of seed per capital (125), 1000 seed weight (25.006), seed yield (1888.072), silymarine percentage (7.711) and silymarine yield (150.443) were recorded in the low input system. Results showed that because of suitable condition for plant growth in low input system, highest seed yield and silymarine yield were obtained. Seed planting in the early season had the same effect on growth and yield. Highest values were recorded in the first time of planting (25 March). Also, improved seed caused higher seed yield and silymarine yield. Results showed that for getting highest seed and silymarine yield, using improved seed and low input system is necessary, in condition that, seeds be planted in the correct time.