تحليل بينامتني مختصات ادبي نثر تاريخ جهانگشا و تاريخ وصاف

مطابق نگرش بينامتني، همواره بين متون مختلف موجود در ژانرهاي ادبي يك فرهنگ، پيوندي آشكار يا پنهان وجود دارد؛ اما طريقه مولفان در نمايش اين تاثر، همواره يكسان نيست و غالبا نويسنده يا شاعر متاخر خود را در پهنه رقابتي مي‌بيند كه نياز به تحدي و تلاش براي ابداع است. در سنت تاريخ نگاري ادب كلاسيك از تاريخ بيهقي گرفته تا نگارش درّه نادره، اين تاثير و تاثر كاملاً مشهود است. رابطه تاريخ جهانگشاي جويني- كه بايد آن را اوج تاريخ نويسي فني فارسي دانست؛ زيرا جامع سبك بيهقي و نصرالله منشي است- با تاريخ وصاف الحضره شيرازي از آنگونه است. بررسي و مقايسه اين دو متن تاريخي- ادبي مبين توجه همگون نويسندگان متون آن دوران به جريانهاي ادبي روزگار است و پيوند همزماني و درزماني متون ادبي را واگويي ميكند. اين جُستار به شيوه‌اي توصيفي- تحليلي مبتني بر شگرد تحليل بينامتني مورد نظر«هرولد بلوم»؛يعني اضطراب تاثير(Anxiety of influence)، ضرورت واكاوي و مقايسه متوني از اينگونه را براي شناسايي جريانهاي غالب روزگار ضروري ميداند و معتقد است، نگارش متون تاريخي دوران ايلخانان، متاثر از جريان رقابتي و سير تصنعي نثرنويسي آن دوره، تلاش براي رهايي از اضطراب ناشي از برجستگي نويسنده همعصر يا ماقبل خويش است؛ چنانكه نويسنده تاريخ وصاف با وجود اقرار به استادي جويني، با هراس از سيطره نثر جهانگشا ميكوشد،با خلاقيت در بهره‌گيري از صنايع ادبي،خود را مبدع و صاحب سبك نشان دهد.

According to Intertextuality Approach, there is a clear or hidden relationship among the existing various texts in literary genres of a culture all the times; however, authors’ techniques are not identical in display of such effect and the writer or poet often seems his/ her contemporaries in the competition field where it requires making efforts and tries for innovation. In hitoripgraphical tradition of classic literature, ranging from Beyhaghi’s History to writing of the Dorreh-E-Nadereh book, such effect and affection are obviously visible. Relationship among Joveini’s Jahangosha History- which could be deemed as the climax of Persian professional historiography since it thoroughly, includes style of Beyhaghi and Nasrollah Monshi- and Vassaf-Al-Hazreh Shirazi History book is something like this. Study and comparison among these two historical- literary texts illustrate authors’ homogeneous attention toward the text at that time and literature streams in the given career while expressing coincident and coexistent link among the literary texts. The present research deems it necessary to conduct descriptive- analytic study based on the given Intertextual analysis technique (Harold Bloom) i.e. Anxiety of Influence and for necessity of data mining and comparison of such texts in order to identify today prevailing streams while believing in that writing of historical texts in Ilkhanan Career is affected by competitive stream and prose- writing artificial trend at the given time and as an attempt to release from the anxiety, which caused by salient nature of contemporary or ex- writer; consequently, despite of acknowledgment to Joveini’s mastery, and lest of dominance of prose of Jahangosha History, writer of Vassaf History book has tried to show himself as innovator and founder of the given style by using creativity in application of literary terms.