نقد ساختاري مثنويهاي انقلاب

مثنوي يكي از قالبهاي شعري است كه بزرگترين شاهكارهاي ادبي ادوار گذشته در اين قالب شعري ارايه شده و متناسب با هر دوره، محمل مفاهيم و موضوعاتي از قبيل حماسي، عرفاني و غنايي، و غالباً در قالب داستانهاي بلند و كوتاه، بصورت رمزي و تمثيلي بيان شده است. قالب مثنوي تا زمان مشروطيت در پهنه شعر و ادب فارسي حضور چشمگيري داشت. ولي پس از مشروطيت و همزمان با رواج شعر نو، به دست فراموشي سپرده شد و با پيروزي انقلاب اسلامي و شروع جنگ تحميلي دوباره پا به عرصه گذاشت و حياتي دوباره يافت. بنظر ميرسد ظهور دوباره اين قالب در عرصه شعر فارسي، علاوه بر تفاوتهاي موضوعي و محتوايي نسبت به دوره هاي قبل، با تغييرات و نوآوريهاي اساسي در فرم و ساختار نيز همراه بوده است كه مهمترين اين تغييرات و نوآوريها در وزن، قافيه و رديف مشهود است. اين مقاله برآن است تا مهمترين تغييرات و نوآوريهاي ساختاري قالب مثنوي نسبت به ادوار گذشته ادبي را در مثنويهاي دوره ادبيات انقلاب اسلامي و آثار شاعران اين دوره بررسي كند و بسامد اين نوآوريها و تغييرات را آشكار نمايد.

Couplet is one of poetic frames by which many literary masterpieces from ancient times were represented in such poetic frame and proportional to each era, many concepts and themes, including epic, mystic and lyric and often within the format of novels and short stories have been expressed cryptically and allegorically. Until age of Constitutional Revolution, couplet frame was remarkably presented in the field of Persian poetry and verse. However, after Constitutional Revolution and coincided with prevalence of Free Verse, it was forgotten while after the victory of Islamic Revolution and outbreak of Iraqi Imposed War it was born again and revived for the second time. It seems that re-exposure of this frame in the field of Persian verse has been followed by essential changes and innovations in form and structure rather than thematic and content differences from the previous careers where the foremost changes and innovations of such kinds may be evident in meter, rhyme and refrain. The present article is intended to examine the most important changes and structural innovations within couplet frame than the literary former careers along versified couplets in literature of Islamic Revolution and works of poet at this period and reveal the frequency of these neologies and changes.