نقش علما و دانشمندان عصر صفوي در گسترش فرهنگ شيعه

The role of Safavid scholars and scientists in developing Shiiteʹʹs culture

با نگاهي به تاريخ سياسي شيعه، چنين به نظر مي رسد كه از اوايل قرن چهارم تا قرن دهم هجري قمري، علماي شيعه حكومت را حقّ خود و ديگر فقها مي‏دانسته‏اند و تا پيش از عصرصفويّه، شيعيان به‏عنوان يك اقليت محسوب مي‏شدند. امّا با ظهور علماي شيعه، به‏خصوص علماي جبل عامل، در عرصه‏هاي مختلف اجتماعي، سياسي و... كشور، از اين حساسيت‏ها كاسته مي‏شود و زمينه‏ي بسط و گسترش آموزه‏هاي شيعي فراهم مي‏گردد. از دست‏آوردهاي ديني و ملّي حكومت صفويّه مي‏توان به اين نكات اشاره كرد: تشكيل حكومت متمركز در سراسر ايران با مطيع نمودن حكّام ولايات و مناطق مختلف، شيعه كردن حاكميّت و مردم كه زمينه‏هاي آن در طول سده‏هاي قبل از آن ايجاد و به‏صورت منطقه‏اي و مقطعي در نقاط مختلف ايران تجربه شده بود، استفاده‏ي هنرمندانه از سرمايه عظيم دلدادگي ملت ايران به اهل بيت (ع)، باوجود سابقه‏ي ديرين در اين زمينه و عمل‏كرد به آن در مناطق مختلف ايران با شيوه‏هاي گوناگون از جمله تقيّه به آن.

With an outlook to the political history of Shiite one can fathom that in the previous era, from early 4th century to early 10th century, Shiite scholars would considered the secular governments as usurpers and believed that it was belonged to jurisprudents. Before Safavids, Shiites were in general minorities. However with Shiite scholars, especially Amel Mountʹs scholars, coming to the scene this tension was reduced and the scene was set for developing Shiite teachings. Among the religious and national fruits of Safavids activities are: to establish a central government throughout Iran with subjugating provincial rulers, to push sovereignty and people toward Shiite whether reluctantly or voluntary for which the road was paved in previous centuries and was locally or periodically experienced in different parts of Iran, to make smart use of Iranianʹs attachment to the prophetʹs family which was there from far away in the history toward which there was different reactions in different parts of Iran by rulers or sometimes dissimulated in a whole.