تجزيه و تحليل خصوصيات سيتوژنتيك در جمعيت هاي كرفس كوهي

Multivariate analysis of cytogenetic characters in different populations of wild celery ( Kelussia odoratissima Mozaff.)

Mountain celery (locally called Kelussia) seems to be endemic to central Zagros region of Iran and there is no documented report on its presence anywhere else. In order to cytogenetically study this plant, karyotypes of 5 populations and their relation with Apium graveolens and Smyrnium cordifolium were analyzed. Results showed that the chromosome number of mountain celery is similar to that of Apium graveolens and Smyrnium cordifolium and is 2n=2x=22 in all studied populations. According to Stebbins categorization, Koohrang population, Apium graveolens and Smyrnium cordifolium were classified in symmetric class of 2A, while Sepestan, Saraghaseyed, Fereidoonshahr and Kahganolia populations were classified in 2B. Based on inter and intra chromosomal variations, all genotypes of mountain celery other than Koohrang were the most asymmetric and evolutionary advanced. Using principal component analysis, the first two components justified up to %76 of total variance between genotypes. In the first component, the average of long to short arm length ratio, the length of the shortest chromosome, the longest to the shortest chromosome length ratio and relative length of shortest chromosome (%S) were the most important traits. In the second component, total form (%TF), the average of long to short arm length ratio, the average of short to long arm length ratio and A1 had the most important role for total variation. Using cluster analysis (Ward method) the genotypes were grouped into three distinct clades. The furthest distances were obtained between Apium graveolens and Kahgan olia, indicating the least affinity between these two genotypes. The shortest distance values were obtained between Fereidoonshahr and Kahgan olia. The diagram of genotypes dispersion, based on the two first principle components, grouped the genotypes in three separate classes, which is in confirmation with the results of cluster analysis.