نقدي دو لايه‌ بر روش‌شناسي ابزارانگارانه ميلتون فريدمن

A Two-fold Critique on Milton Friedmanʹs Instrumentalist Methodology

Abstract Milton Friedmanʹs seminal article, "Methodology of Positive Economics", is one of the most important and contentious works ever been discussed within the realm of economic methodology. In this article, on the basis of an instrumentalist approach to the nature of theorizing, Friedman declares the tenets of positive economics, and in this vein, he professes his disputable doctrine about "unrealistic assumptions" as the core of his view. In this article, we try to discuss over some logical and theoretical defects in Friedmanʹs article which essentially weakens his supportive arguments about his views (internal critique); furthermore, in the light of Lakatosʹ epistemological framework, we take into consideration the epistemological status of Friedmanʹs predectivist instrumentalism (external critique) and we reach this conclusion that his approach is degenerating in Lakatosian term . JEL Classification: JEL B41 B49 Keywords: Positivism, Instrumentalism, Instrumentalist