ولايت؛ مهم‌ترين شاخصه امام

Guardianship and Sanctity the Most Important Feature in the Imam

وليّ خدا جنبه آسماني و نيروي تصرّف در تكوين دارد. شخصيت نبي و رسول، افزون بر مقام ولايت، مقام دريافت و ابلاغ وحي، تبيين و توضيح وحي، مرجعيت ديني، رهبري و رياست حكومت ديني را نيز عهده‌دار است. شخصيت امام و حجت از تمام آن مقامات، جز دريافت وحي، بهره مي‌برد و تا عالم و آدم برجاست، اين شخصيت الهي حضور دارد، تا حكمت و لطف الهي نياز انسان‌ها را دربر گيرد. اين نوشتار در دو بخش و در هشت فصل به تقرير اين مهم پرداخته است: بخش نخست، به معرّفي اجمالي امام و بيان جايگاه او به منزله تنها مصداق وليّ الله درعصر كنوني، واژه و اصطلاح‌شناسي ولايت، ماهيت ولايت، ولايت تكويني و تشريعي، تاريخچه مباحث ولايت و مصاديق وليّ مي‌پردازد و سپس به نقد و بررسي ديدگاه‌هاي افراطي و تفريطي درباره امام‌باوري اشاره مي‌كند و خاطرنشان مي‌نمايد كه اعتقاد به ولايت امامان? با عقيده به تفويض و غلو فاصله زيادي دارد. بخش دوم، نخست به تبيين مبنا و اساس تصرّفات تكويني وليّ خدا با استفاده از قواعد هستي‌شناسي فلسفي مي‌پردازد و سپس به اثبات ولايت از منظر متون ديني (قرآن و روايات) اشاره مي‌كند و در پايان، مهم‌ترين ويژگي‌هاي ولايت (خصايص ولايت) را برمي‌شمرد.

The writer of this article has tried to clarify and explain the essence of “guardianship” to make its application known to the readers. The conclusion that has been taken from this writing is that the Guardian (Friend of God) is endowed with the element of being heavenly enjoying the power of intervening in Creation. The difference in the great prophet of God was that in addition to the position of Guardianship, he also possessed the status of receiving Revelations from God and conveying them to people after his interpreting and explaining them. However, the holy prophet and the Imams have all the religious authority and are the source of religious imitation. They are in charge of leadership for the government of the people. So the twelfth and the last Imam, the Proof of God, enjoy all the above authorities except receiving Revelations. This divine personage is and will be present among the people as long as the world and its inhabitants exist until God’s faver will apply to all men and women and for him to appear. The first part of this writing includes the introducing of the Imam briefly, indicating his position and his personage On the other hand, Ahmad-al-Kateb denies that there has been an Imam named the Proof of God, son of Imam Hassan Askari and also, he has raised some doubts regarding the traditions for the twelve Imams (PBU them). In summary, he wants to say that those traditions are fictitious being made up in the 4th century. He believes that no one may refer to such hadiths as documented. In this writing, we will try to criticize and give reasons against Ahmad’s claims.