ساخت‌شناسي بافت كالبد تاريخي شهر يزد

Cognition of Structure of Yazd City Historic Physic Texture

«ساخت» از جمله مفاهيمي است كه در سيستم بافت كالبد تاريخي شهر يزد جاي پيگيري دارد. بافت، مقولهاي گسترده و بسيار پيچيده است. براي بحث درباره ساخت اين سيستم لازم بود كه بافت آن مطالعه شود. كثرت مطالب بافت سبب شد كه در اين مقاله صرفاً به برخي از موارد آن ـ كه با ساخت سروكار مييابد ـ اشاره شود. اين پژوهش با رويكردي نظاممند يا سيستماتيك، حاصل مشاهدات و برداشتهاي مكرر و فراوان از بافت كالبد تاريخي شهر يزد و تحليل آن است. در پژوهش از روش تحقيق توصيفي - تحليلي استفاده شد. در اين زمينه براي تدوين مباني نظري پژوهش و ساخت مدل تحليلي، تعريف مفهوم «ساخت» ارايه شد. با تعريف ساخت و استفاده از مدل نظري پيوند (مطرح در نظريه سيستمها)، طراحي مدل «پيوند ساخت» فراهم آمد. اين مطالب، چارچوب نظري و مباني اين پژوهش را به منظور تاليف ساخت اين سيستم شكل دادند. جمعبندي حاصل از بررسيها نشان داد كه ساخت اين سيستم برايند ساختهاي گوناگون زيرسيستمهايي چون كاربري اراضي، بخشهها، سوپربلوكها، بلوكها، دانهها و رابطه آنها با يكديگر در محيط از يك سو، و ساختهاي گوناگون اين سيستم با سيستمهاي شامل و همارز و رابطههاي آنها با يكديگر در محيط از سوي ديگر است. ساخت بافت كالبد تاريخي شهر يزد از اصل سلسلهمراتب تبعيت ميكند.

The structure is among others concept in which it can be studied in the Urban Historic physical Texture system of Yazd city. This texture is spread and complex. The mentioned system includes different structures. For discussing about the structure of this system, it was needed to be studied its texture. The frequency of subjects of the texture is caused to indicate to only some cases that it is connected by its structure. This research has been studied by systematic approach. The method of this research is a descriptive-analytical one. First the structure concept was definite and then the structure connection model was designed by the structure concept and connection theory model. The framework and theoretical foundation of this research was formed on base system theory and abovementioned cases. These subjects formed the theoretical foundation and outlook of this research in order to compose the structure of this system. This research is produced by observations and studies as well as the analysis of the system. Studies showed that the Urban Historic physic texture system of Yazd city is the resultant of different subsystems textures. For example: landuses, districts texture, superblocks texture, blocks and unites subsystem texture (internal texture). External textures are produced by this texture relation with containing and equivalent systems of it. Woof, Wrap, Knot and Web are elements of it as well as its subsystems. The Webs were produced by woofs, wraps, and knots arrangement in next together. Many different varieties of these webs have been observed in them. They were formed connections by relations between woof, wrap, knot and web in each of subsystems. Weaving and adhesiveness are two origin relationships in the connections between texture elements. Matrix is adhesiveness factor of elements in the Urban Historic physic texture of Yazd city and its subsystems. This texture has been produced by horizontal and vertical textures of landuse, districts, superblocks, blocks, and unites subsystem. The structures of subsystems are match with their textures. They have been created by different structures of landuse, districts, superblocks, blocks, unites subsystem. Units division, connectors, nods and boundaries are elements of structure. These elements have different varieties of connection in each of subsystems of the Urban Historic physic texture of Yazd city and they have made separate structure in them. It is resultant all of them. In this system and its subsystems were considered bus, central, organic, checkered, and Hybrid Structures. Furthermore, It was recognized horizontal and vertical Structure in some Subsystems of this system. Totaling of these studies showed that the structure of the Urban Historic physic texture of Yazd city is resultant of the horizontal and vertical Structure. Each of these structures are created by a lot of internal and external connections, for example: one by one, one by some and some by some connections of shapes of landuse Subsystems and their relationships with together in intermediate, shapes of districts and their relationships with together in the intermediate, shapes of superblocks and their relationships with together in the intermediate, shapes of blocks and their relationships with together in the intermediate, and shapes of unites of the Urban Historic physic texture system of Yazd city and their relationships with together in the intermediate. This structure follows hierarchy principle.