مروري بر نظام حقوقي درياي خزر از دريچه اسناد و معاهدات

A Review of the Legal Status of the Caspian Sea According to Records and Treaties

با فر * ستخر   بر  خو  تعيين حد  ضعيت مالكيت  3 مشخص شد 3 ها  نوخاسته، خو  ها  ، كشو 36 حاشيه  3 مد 6 پديد  نبا  به  خز 9 يا  حقوقي  ند. مبنا  يد  مستقل گر  به طو  خز  يا  ير بستر  منابع بستر مهمت رين  يكي   قتصا   حياتي 9  منطقه 3 خير، به عنو   چند سا  36 حاشيه  يگر   سه كشو    منطقه  ها  توجه كشو 3 كانو    مهم منطقه  قابتها   I ختلافا   ، باعث بر 3 جها 9 هبر  مناطق ين  حقوقي L نظا  مو  خاصي I نظر L ، هر كد  خز  يا  ساحلي  ها  كشو  ست   يد  گر   منطقه  فر ضعيت  .، حاكم بر L1940  1921 I لملل، معاهد  بين U حقو  حاضر، برمبنا  حا  ما  هند.  يه مي  يا  ميب اشد.  خز  يا  حقوقي سيه   3 ير  بط  يخي  به پيشينه تا  بتد  يا،  ين  حقوقي حاكم بر L شنايي با نظا 6  ين مقاله، به منظو    بسته  ياها  حاكم بر  36 حقوقي حاكم بر L ، نظا  خز  يا  هميت   بعد موقعيتها   خته مي شو  پر L نيز نظا  36  پس   پاشي شو  فر  ، قبل  حقوقي خز L ، نظا 36  نبا  به   سي شد  لملل بر  بين U حقو ست.   يد  يه گر  يط فعلي،  شر   خز  يا   بر  حقوقي پيشنها

After the discovery of oil in the Caspian Sea, the disintegration of the Soviet Union, and the emergence of the Newly Independent States around the Caspian Sea, these states requested the division of their respective sectors in order to independently extract oil from seabed and subseabed sources. After the appearance of the three new countries around the Caspian Sea, as a strategic economic area and one of the most important trade areas of the world, the legal status of this Sea has caused regional disputes and competition and this area has become the focus of regional and over-regional nations. Each Country around the Caspian Sea has its specific viewpoint about the sea’s legal system. But at the moment, according to international law, the legal status of the Caspian Sea is based on the 1921 and 1940 treaties between Iran and the USSR. In this article, in order to become familiar with the legal system of the Caspian Sea, firstly the history of relations between Iran and Russia is studied. After that, taking into consideration international law, the conditions and importance of the Caspian Sea and the legal system of this sea and other enclosed seas are studied. Then the legal system of the Caspian Sea, before and after the disintegration of USSR, is examined. Finally, a legal system is proposed for the Sea’s current circumstances.