پديد آورندگان :
آصفي، مازيار نويسنده دانشگاه هنر اسلامي تبريز Asefi, Maziar , ايماني، الناز نويسنده دانشگاه هنر اسلامي تبريز Imani, Elnaz
كليدواژه :
هويت , Architectural desirability , art and architecture , identity , Islamic Architecture , New Technologies , معماري اسلامي , آفرينشي نوبنياد , هنر و معماري , فناوريهاي نوين
چكيده لاتين :
The new era is faced with the daily growth of new data in different fields. The processes of industrialization, globalization and networking have evolved all societies and cultures. These developments contain matters such as global economy, communication revolution, environmental issues, restoration of local cultures and globalization of science and technology. Moreover, the daily life in various aspects such as cultural, scientific-technological, economical, legal, political and security have been affected.
In a more limited scale, only with the interpretation of technical developments, people’s minds are engaged with many challenges. The introduction of new technologies and the creation of a technological society are proposed challenges and pluralism in the field of political, economical, cultural and social and the most important of them is cultural crisis. This is because in comparison with elements such as land, race, ethnicity and so on, culture is considered as the most important element in defining identity. On the other hand, the arrival of new technologies to the regions with a rich identity and history in art and architecture are sometimes seen in contrast with the technological aspects. This already adds to the challenges because in most of these societies, like Iran, the necessary infrastructures are not provided in face of globalization. In the new millennium, the new world is being built and architecture is the most social art that can cause the persistence of time to develop a civilization with spatial coherence.
Architecture, due to its direct contact with human life, plays an important role in deepening and weakening of culture and identity in the face of globalization. Contemporary architecture of Iran requires new solutions. This is due to the ever-changing needs of community and people in terms of physical, socio-cultural, economical and political issues. All of these, besides the review of relation between modern technologies and the rich architectural history of Iran, make the development of new architectural language in this era more complex and problematic. The main question of this research and the ultimate goal is to find out whether it can be possible to define some criteria for the application of new technologies, in order to enhance the spatial qualities of contemporary architecture with maintaining the basic identity of Iranian Islamic Architecture.
In the first stage, this paper tries develops a theoretical framework and a methodology for conducting the research. This is done by adopting a holistic overview and considering various ideas used in important architectural projects in Iran and other countries according to the main aims of this research. Secondly, by examining the relationship between architecture and technology, the Islamic concepts and theories are evaluated. Furthermore, the basic principles of Islamic architecture in the Iranian traditional buildings are analyzed in order to get the factors to obtain the main factors of desirability in these buildings and their application in contemporary architecture. In the next step, 14 cases of successful and famous examples of built architecture, implemented in different sites, are selected and the hypothesis of the research is examined qualitatively by the consideration of these examples. A number of questionnaires are also prepared questioning the selected case-studies and the main objectives of the research. Main experts in the area of research are also interviewed in order to examine the hypothesis of the research. Based on the results, the main criteria – both qualitative and quantitative – will be evaluated and a paradigm for the implementation of innovative technologies in contemporary architecture will be proposed.
It is generally believed that the correct way for improving today’s architecture in Iran is not to give up and not to complain, but to be a good actor in order to find the most suitable alternative for each architectural project. Considering Iran’s ancient and invaluable culture, the preservation of native and national culture and identity is one of the main necessities of our architectural mission. This research is intended to come to a solution that not only consider and maintain the beauty of Iranian architecture during the history and consider environmental, socio-cultural and economical features of Iran, but also identifies those aspects of the knowledge of architecture and the best technology to improve the Persian architecture. Therefore, the approach of this research is called a “global-native” solution for contemporary architecture of Iran.
According to the results of this study, the utilization of innovative technologies by considering the main features of Iranian architecture is a must for contemporary architecture. None of them are supposed to be considered separately. This is because neglecting each of them may ruin both architectural identity and previous innovative technologies of Iranian architecture as can be seen in Persepolis as well as many other ancient buildings in Iran. This research also suggests that in the implementation of foreign construction technologies and materials in Iranian buildings, climatic and socio-cultural value of each part of Iran must be carefully considered. By considering all of these factors, it is believed that the high degree of desirability can be obtained in today’s architecture.
