بررسي مقايسه‌اي خطاها و تخلفات رانندگي در زنان و مردان (مورد مطالعه: شهر رشت)

The Comparison study of driver errors and violations between women and men (A Case Study of the Rasht)

هدف اصلي اين تحقيق بررسي مقايسه‌اي خطاها و تخلفات رانندگي در زنان و مردان راننده شهر رشت است. مسيله اصلي اين مطالعه اين است كه آيا بين رانندگان زن و مرد از نظر لغزش‌ها، خطاهاي عمدي، اشتباه‌ها و خطاهاي غيرعمدي تفاوتي وجود دارد. روش اين مطالعه از لحاظ هدف كاربردي و از لحاظ روش توصيفي از نوع پيمايشي است. جامعه آماري اين مطالعه را كليه رانندگان زن و مرد شهر رشت تشكيل مي‌دهد و ابزار سنجش آن، پرسش‌نامه منچستر مي‌باشد. يافته‌ها تحقيق نشان داد كه رانندگان مرد و زن مشاركت‌كننده در پژوهش به‌لحاظ لغزش‌ها، خطاهاي عمدي، اشتباه‌ها و خطاهاي غيرعمد رانندگي با يكديگر تفاوت معنادار دارند. زنان راننده در مقايسه با مردان، لغزش‌ها و اشتباه‌ها بيشتري انجام مي‌دهند درحالي‌كه مردان راننده خطاهاي عمدي و غيرعمدي بيشتري انجام مي‌دهند. تحليل نتايج تحقيق نشان داد كه بين لغزش‌ها و خطاهاي غيرعمدي رانندگان مورد بررسي رابطه مثبت معنادار، بين خطاهاي عمدي و خطاهاي غيرعمدي و هم‌چنين بين اشتباه‌ها و لغزش‌هاي رانندگان موردبررسي رابطه مثبت معنادار و بين لغزش‌ها و خطاي غيرعمدي رانندگان مورد بررسي رابطه منفي معنادار برقرار است.

The aim of this article is to present a comparison of driver errors and traffic violations between women and men in Rasht, alongside a method to predict the risk of intentional driving errors as a result of a study of 83 drivers (36 female and 47 male). These drivers were asked to complete a driving behavior Manchester questionnaire, and the data was analyzed with a t test for independent groups, as well as the Pearson correlation test and regression analysis, using the SPSS-16 software. The results showed that there are significant differences between male and female drivers with regards to slip-ups, intentional errors, mistakes and non-intentional errors. Female drivers exhibit more slip-up mistakes, whereas males tend to be probe to more intentional and unintentional driver errors. Analysis of the results showed that there is a significant positive relationship between drivers who commit inadvertent errors and slip-ups, and between intentional and unintentional errors, and also between mistakes and slip-ups. In addition, there is a significant negative relationship between inadvertent errors and slip-ups. The forecast errors were deliberate errors (intentional offenses), and the stepwise regression analysis method showed that unintentional errors and intentional errors could be predicted in the drivers. Since driving behavior is very complex and many factors are involved in conducting correct driving with regards to gender differences and personalities in women and men, this study proposes that driver training should involve a gender-specific component. Police chief executives should be given the power to conduct the necessary planning to improve traffic safety, and the results of this study should also be used for cultural awareness and society-building.