شيعه بنيادگذار دانش صحابه‌نگاري

Shiite: The Founder of Knowledge of “Biographies of the Companions ” (Sahāba Negari)

مسلمانان در سده نخست هجري به دلايل گوناگوني، به سيره نبوي توجه كردند و دانش سيره‌نگاري را بنياد گذاردند، اما بر اثر ارتباط صحابه با پيامبر(ص)، توجه به اين طبقه بسي مهم شد و به فهرست‌نويسي درباره صحابه انجاميد و زمينه‌اي براي پيدايي دانشي مستقل به نام «صحابه‌نگاري» فراهم آمد. شيعه در پيدايي و دگرگوني اين دانش،بسيار تاثير گذارد؛ چنان‌كه بر پايه منابع كهن تاريخي مي‌توان شيعه را بنيادگذار آن برشمرد. طبق بررسي‎هاي به عمل آمده مي‎توان پذيرفت، نوشته‌هاي صحابه‌نگاران شيعي در صحابه‌نگاري‌هاي پسين اهل‌سنت نيز تاثيرگذار بوده است.

During the first century (AH), Muslims, due to a number of reasons, paid particular attention to the lifestyle of Prophet Muhammad (SA) and his character sketch and gradually laid the foundations for this knowledge. However, the close relations between the Prophet (SA) and his companions made researchers focus on the companions as well; in a way that they began making lists of the companions and recording their biographies which later paved the way for the emergence of “biographies of the companions” (“Sa??ba Negari) as an independent knowledge. Shiite biographers have played an important role in formation and reformation of this knowledge. Based on historical documents, we can regard Shiite biographers of the companions as founders of this knowledge. The findings of the study reveal that the documents produced by the Shiite biographers of the companions have also influenced the biographies of the companions written by later Sunni biographers.