بررسي اثر عصاره آبي گياهان دارويي عليه قارچ Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici عامل پژمردگي گوجه فرنگي

Effect of some aqueous plant extracts against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Lycopersici casual agent of tomato

Fusarium wilt disease is an important disease of tomato. The use of chemical is becoming less appealing for controlling this disease because of the human and environment health implications of these chemicals. In this research, for studing antifungal activity of aqueous plants extract, Azadirachta indica, Melia azadirach, Allium sativum, Curcuma longa, Caryophilium aromaticus, 30 gram of each plant were suspended in 100 ml distilled water, after reaching aqueous extract with water bath (Ben Marie) method, different concentrations 25%, 50%, 100% prepared and added to autoclaved PDA media. After 6 days radical growth of fungi and percentage of growth inhibition were counted after comparing with control and results have been done by SAS test and significant difference P?0.05. All plant extracts except Caryophilium aromaticus showed significant reduction in the growth of Fusariumoxysporum f.sp. Lycopersici. 100% concentration, Neem (98%) and garlic (93%) extracts were the most effective to inhibit the growth of tested fungi and clove extract had no affections. M.azadirach (87%) and C.longa (83%) caused significant growth inhibition (P ? 0.05) of fungi. There were no significant difference between growth inhibition percentage of 50% and 100% concentrations how ever there was significant difference between 25% and 50% concentrations and by increasing concentration, growth inhibition percentage have increased. Findings from this study showed that plant extract can be used as natural fungicide to control pathogenic fungi, thus reducing dependence on the synthetic fungicides. Azadirachta indica which was found to be the most efficient extract (98% inhibition), could be a promising material for controlling this fungi.